Israel-palestine conflict
Israel palestine conflict is the ongoing struggle that began in the 20th century.In the early 19th century there was no history of such conflicts,land of palestine was inhabited by a multicultural population-86% muslims,10% christian and 4% jewish -living in peace.
EARLY 1800
In early 1800,a group of people in Europe decided to colonize this land.They were called the zionist and they represented a portion of external jewish population.Their major aim was to create a jewish homeland and they considered Europe and america before moving into palestine.Intially this immigration presented with no problem as it was a minority,but as more people started migrating with the agenda to create a jewish homeland the existing population felt the incoming threat and finally conflicts broke out.The fighting was accompanied with escalating waves of violence killing many people.Hitlers rise to power and combined with the zionist effort to sabotage the effort of placing jewish refugees in the western countries ,lead to more and more jewish immigrations and fights was inevitable.Thousands of jews began immigrating to palestine which then became part of the ottoman empire
1918
As a result of world war 1,britian gain control over the palestine area from the ottoman empire.The region was then called British-mandate-palestine.over a long time Britian governed over the arabs and jews living in this area
1921
British gives the area British-mandate -palestine east of the jordan river to Emir abdullah,this area came to be known as country of jordan.First major inter communal violence occured then leaving scores of arabs and palestines dead.
1936
In april in response to the killing of sheikh izz al din al Qassam by the british,arab residents of the british mandate palestine began to riot causing a large intercommunal violence and killing a large number of people .This also resulted in seizment of large illegal arms which was meant for the jewish defence force.The war ended in 1939,when british inorder to gain the support of arabs in the oncoming war with germans banned all the sales to jews
1947
In 1947 UN decided to intervene and decided to partition the British palestine mandate into two states of arab and palestine.The UN instead of sticking to the 'self determination of people' right where the people of the country have the right to divide their own land and determine the government,sought to adopt the medieval strategy where an outside power interfered an divided the people's land
under the continous pressure from zionists,UN decided to give 55% of palestine land to jewish ,sidelining the fact that they occupied jus 30% of population and 7% of the land.Zionist leader accepted this proposal due to strategic reasons,whereas palestine considered the proposal unrepresentative of demographic distribution of jews and arabs and therefore rejected it
1948
Land of Israel was proclaimed by the zionist leaders in this year.Fights broke out between the land of israel and neighbouring arab leaders as british troops were leaving.some 700,000 palestines leave the british palestine mandate and at the end of the war israel acquired large tracts of land including 500 palestine villages.At the end of this war
1967
In this year Israel launched of what was called as a 'six days war' ,where it conducted a pre-emptive attact on egypt and gain controll over the area which was primarily owned by egypt,syria and jordan.Israel gains control over the gaza strip of Egypt,Golan heights from syria and East jerusalem from jordan.In this six day war Israel tripled its territory under its control
In response to the war UN security council passes resolution 242 which calls for the withdrawal of israel troops from the territories acquired due to conflicts.This resolution is the basis of all subsequent negotiations
1970-1980
Egypt and syria organise a suprise attack on israel at the golan heights and the sinai peninsula during the ramadan month..The war lasted for 3 weeks ending at october 22
president Anwar sadat of Egypt sign the camp david accord.Israel agrees to give back the sinai peninsual in response to peace and normalisation.This peace treaty is considered to be very important because it is the first time an arab country signed a peace treaty with the israel thus acknowledging its existence.However signing this peace treaty made sadat highly unpopular among the egyptians and the arabs.
As a result of this peace treaty with Israel Egypt is expelled from the arab league.However in 1980 egypt and israel establish diplomatic relations.This led to the direct assasination of anwar sadat on october 6 1981 ,by 3 members of the Egyptian army
1980-1990
Israel invades lebanon and establishes a security zone in lebanon in order to prevent further attack on north israelly communities.A palestine uprising(intifada)forms in west bank and gaza.This uprising was mainly due to the result of continued occupation of Israel's in west bank and gaza.It was in the form of strikes,public riots ,demonstrations etc.This uprising is quite significant because of its large duration and public support especially from women.It also marked the first time the population of west bank and gaza became involved in revolting against the continued israel occupation
Israel continued to resist these attacts by arrests,deportation,curfews,closing of universities etc.But the united palestians continued its demonstration and protests for almost 6 years.Many believe that it is because of this uprising israel agreed to many peace negotiations.In 1988 palestine leader condemns all forms of terrorism and recognises the state of israel
1990-2000
Madrid peace conference takes place in spain.Its the first time delegation from all the arab parties sat together at a table..It includes delegation from arab,syria,lebanon,jordan and palestians
secret talks between israel and palestine liberation organisation negotiators began in oslo norway.Israel recognised PLO and gave them limited autonomy in exchange of peace.Palestine gave up its claim to israel territories as defined by its border before 1967 war.Because they could not settle all the issues right away,they agreed to step by step resolving of issues
What was significant about the oslo is that it ended the extensial conflict between palestines and israels..The two sides were no longer claiming that they had no right to be in the the other state
In 1995 tabla agreement was signed which came to be know as oslo 2 which extended the palestine effect on west bank and gaza and allowed for palestine elections.In 1997 israel hands over 70% if west bank to palestine while holding control of the remainder
2000
In 2000 US president Bill clinton convened a peace summit between israel and palestine.Israel directly put forward its demands via US to the palestine leader -92% of west bank and gaza strip and 69 jewish settlements.But palestines rejected this offer.No tenable solution could be made which could satisfy both palestines and israel
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