*A part of Asia is known as Indian subcontinent. The countries included in the Indian sub continent are India, Nepal, Bhutan, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Myanmar.

India is the only country after which an ocean has been named –Indian Ocean.

India is our country. It is very large country. About hundred crore people live here. India on the map given, it is wide in the middle. It becomes narrow as we go southward. South India is bound by water on there sides. - The Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea on the east, the Arabian sea and Lakhshadweep sea on the west and the Indian ocean in the south. Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka are our neighbors. China, Nepal and Bhutan are to the north to the west is Pakistan. The countries of Bangladesh and /Myanmar are to the east. Sri Lanka.

India is divided into twenty –eight states and six union territories look at the political map of India. It shows all the states and the union territories. India is a country of highlands and lowlands. It has Board Rivers and narrow streams. It has hot sunshine and snow. People of all kinds live in India. They are tall, short, fair and dark. They are farmers, fishermen, factory workers, businessmen, doctors, teachers, etc. a few are rich and many are poor. Many are hard working and some are lazy. As you read on, you will meet some of these people and learn about the way they live. You will read about the Punjabi farmer, the Assamese tea-picker, and the fishermen of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Maharashtra. But before reading about the Indian people, it is important that you know a little about the land in which we live.

There are highland, lowlands and rivers. In the north, there are the Himalayas. These are the highest mountains in the world. Many big rivers flow from the Himalayas.

The rivers that begin in the Himalayas flow slowly across wide lowland called the Northern fertile plain or the Gangetic plain. Closes to the mountains this plain is sloping, but when it nears the sea, the plain becomes very flat. The whole plain is covered with rich soil called silt. Silt is brought down from the mountains by the rivers. When the rivers flood, the silt spreads all over the land. The flatness of the land, the richness of the soil and the easy availability of water from the rivers has helped to make the plain an important area for forming.

Southern India is a plateau. It is called the Deccan plateau. Plateau is a flat –top highland. The western side of the Deccan plateau is higher than the eastern side, so the land slopes towards the Bay of Bengal. There is little lowland. It is found only along the coats and near the rivers. In some parts of the plateau, the soil is rocky and there is not enough rain. These areas are not as important as the lowlands.

A part of western India is a desert. The soil is sandy and there is very little rain. So only a few people live here.

Capital of India

Delhi is the capital of our country. It stands on the banks o the river Yamuna. It was chosen as the capital of India because of its position. From here it is possible to travel quite easily to only part of India.

Delhi is a very old city. It has many old buildings like the red fort and the Jama Masjid. Humayun’s Tomb, the Qutub Minar, Safdarjung’s Tomb and the Purna Qila are other important old buildings.

New Delhi was specially built as the capital of India. It is a beautiful city. It has broad roads lined with shady trees. There are many lovely parks and gardens. The parliament house is in New Delhi. It is a circular building. The two houses of the Indian parliament meet here. They are the Lo Sabha and the Rajya Sabha. The members of these two houses make and pass lows for our country.

Thousands of tourists visit Deli each year. From here they also go to Jaipur in Rajasthan and Agra to see the world famous Taj Mahal. A little away from the main city, mills and factories have been set up. They make radios, television sets, small machines, cloth, paints, etc.

The government is trying to make Delhi a beautiful city of which all Indians can be proud of.

 

 


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