Emergencies

In common parlance, are the emergency service of a hospital that attends to receive the sick and wounded who have themselves, or who are led by the services of emergency (EMS, fire, etc.. ). In practice, there is a network put in place to deal with medical emergencies (in any dimension bio-psycho-social terms)

Like all services constituting the basis of "public services" are the result of three factors that will determine its function and its evolution: the philosophical and scientific urgency, the socio-economic components (which explain the need for such emergency structures and limit the cost) and the organization of these existing structures, resources, human and material, and how they work. Summary

The medical emergency: a philosophical and scientific

Despite centuries of reflections (Hippocrates already tried to define the urgency in the fifth century BC), it was interesting to note the "lack of administrative or medical definition of the term emergency"

The medical emergency, however, may be defined as: "The perception of any situation rapidly worsening or likely to do so without medical intervention or even."

In practice emergency pre-hospital, the heterogeneity of the concept of emergency due to its variation according to four main criteria:
the flow situations considered urgent: the priorities are not the same as we find ourselves facing an isolated case or a massive influx of wounded;
type of problem: medical ( "true emergency" as multiple trauma, or "urgency felt" like a strong heart palpitations) and / or medico-social (the elderly, socially just inserted, drug or condition psychological distress);
the need of providing quality technical care with precocity: cases of severe distress (which "only a small percentage, despite the Greek root of the term emergency: urgen, meaning pressed);
possession by the mobile or proximity of equipment or structures adapted to the situation (as an Ancillary Services).

Thus, urgent situations encountered are very complex. Given the performance of new methods of medical treatment vis-à-vis the prognosis, the technical component of the management of these situations often erases the uniqueness of each.


The socio-economic

It is characteristic of Western societies to give considerable importance to the emergency and its management: firstly, it is a problem largely amplified by the media just to see the catalysts that they played on the uprising of consciousness vis-à-vis the death of the elderly during the hot summer 2003 in France.

In addition, the company now tends to reject the services of hospital emergency pre-hospital "all that smoothly and disturbing" Indeed, it is easy for the family, neighbors and even police or health professionals to shift on the emergency services when faced with someone they do not themselves solve medical problems, psychological or social.

Moreover, from a public increasingly informed, MUG, as the hospitals find themselves facing a much higher demand. Moreover, as such, they are part of a quality approach.

Finally, in a global economic disruption, systems of health coverage are constantly discussed again because of their cost, governments have consistently seek to reduce "the cost of health" at the fair. The use of increasingly common to emergency services rests, as a substantial burden in managing economic health.

Moreover, some states do not require the payment of emergency care, or arrange for repayment this support as part of "social assistance" without any obligations to advance the costs. For users of its countries, such care may appear as free and therefore do not allow the patient to become aware of the actual cost of services.


The organization of the network of emergency

Each state organizes specifically those emergency services within the various structures that are clean; All these structures are a street-network. It can, provided, highlight 2 types of structure constants in a majority of Western states and in many other countries. We will discuss also the structure of social emergencies (such as social UAS) that exist in many countries under different names.

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